Treating Seizures in Old Dogs

Watching your dog have a seizure is one of the scariest experiences a pet parent can go through. It’s even more heartbreaking when your loyal companion is a senior. Their body has slowed down, their eyes are a little cloudier, and now this new health issue has entered the picture. But here’s the good news: treating seizures in old dogs is not only possible, it can dramatically improve their quality of life. With the right support and treatment plan, your senior dog can still enjoy happy, comfortable days ahead.

Let’s explore what causes seizures in older dogs, how they’re diagnosed, and what treatment options are available. We’ll also share some practical tips to help you care for your pup at home.

What Causes Seizures in Senior Dogs?

When seizures show up later in life, there’s usually an underlying health issue that’s triggering them. Unlike younger dogs, who may experience epilepsy for no known reason, seizures in older dogs tend to be a symptom of something else going on in the body.

Some of the most common causes include:

• Brain tumors (benign or malignant)
• Liver or kidney disease
• Low blood sugar (often linked to insulin-secreting tumors)
• High blood pressure
• Infections or inflammation in the brain
• Toxin exposure
• Past head trauma
• Strokes

Age-related changes in the brain can also play a role. Just like humans, dogs can develop cognitive dysfunction or degenerative brain conditions that may result in seizures.

That’s why getting an accurate diagnosis is so important. It’s the first step toward finding the right treatment and giving your dog the best chance at comfort and stability.

What Does a Seizure Look Like in an Older Dog?

Not all seizures look the same. Some dogs collapse and shake violently, while others might just stare off into space or paddle their legs as if dreaming. Seizures usually last anywhere from a few seconds to a couple of minutes. Afterward, your dog may seem confused, unsteady, or overly sleepy. This post-seizure state, called the “postictal” phase, can last for minutes to hours.

Even if the seizure is brief, it’s always worth talking to your vet, especially if your dog is over seven years old and has never had a seizure before. Age-related seizures almost always have a medical cause that needs to be addressed.

Diagnosing the Cause of Seizures

Your veterinarian will likely recommend several tests to figure out why your dog is seizing. This could include:

• Blood work to check organ function, electrolytes, and blood sugar
• A urinalysis to look for kidney or liver issues
• Blood pressure measurement
• X-rays or ultrasound of the abdomen
• MRI or CT scan to check for brain tumors or structural changes
• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis if infection or inflammation is suspected

It can feel overwhelming, but each test helps rule out different causes and build a clearer picture of what’s happening. Once your vet has a diagnosis, they can tailor a treatment plan to your dog’s specific needs.

Treating Seizures in Old Dogs: A Tailored Approach

When it comes to treating seizures in old dogs, there isn’t a one-size-fits-all approach. Treatment depends heavily on what’s causing the seizures and how often they’re happening.

If the seizures are caused by a brain tumor, your vet may discuss options like surgery, radiation, or palliative care. If liver disease is the culprit, dietary changes and medications can help support the liver and reduce seizure activity. Dogs with high blood pressure may need antihypertensive medications to lower their risk.

For dogs with frequent or severe seizures, anti-seizure medications are often prescribed. Some of the most commonly used include:

• Phenobarbital
• Levetiracetam (Keppra)
• Zonisamide

• Potassium bromide

These medications help regulate electrical activity in the brain and reduce the likelihood of future seizures. Your vet will monitor your dog’s blood levels and organ function regularly to ensure the medication is working and not causing side effects.

It can take time to find the right dose or combination of meds, especially in older dogs with other health issues. But many pet parents report a huge improvement in their dog’s quality of life once a treatment plan is in place.

Caring for a Dog with Seizures at Home

Living with a dog who has seizures means becoming a bit of a home nurse, and that’s okay. You know your dog better than anyone, and your love and care make all the difference in the world.

Here are some ways to support your senior pup at home:

• Create a safe space: Remove furniture with sharp edges, slippery rugs, and anything your dog could bump into if they seize unexpectedly.
• Keep a seizure log: Track the date, time, duration, and behavior before and after each seizure. This helps your vet see patterns and adjust treatment.

• Avoid stress and overstimulation: Loud noises, intense play, or stressful events can sometimes trigger seizures. Keep your dog’s environment calm and predictable.
• Maintain a consistent routine: Feed and medicate your dog at the same times each day. Sudden changes can throw off their system.
• Stay up to date on vet visits: Regular checkups and blood work are essential to monitor medication levels and overall health.

During a seizure, try to stay calm. Move your dog away from stairs or furniture, gently cushion their head if needed, and never put your hands near their mouth. Most seizures are not painful for dogs, but they can be disoriented afterward, so give lots of quiet, loving reassurance.

When to Seek Emergency Care

Most single seizures that last under two minutes don’t require emergency vet care, but there are exceptions. Head to the vet right away if:

• The seizure lasts more than 5 minutes
• Your dog has multiple seizures in a short period (cluster seizures)
• Your dog doesn’t return to normal after the seizure
• Your dog is also vomiting, having trouble breathing, or collapsing repeatedly

Trust your instincts. If something feels off, it’s always better to err on the side of caution.

Hope and Healing for Senior Dogs

It’s easy to feel helpless when your old dog starts having seizures. But you’re not alone, and your dog still has so much life left to live. With the right veterinary care, medications, and a supportive home environment, many senior dogs can continue to enjoy their golden years with minimal disruption.

The key is early intervention and a strong partnership with your vet. Together, you can find the right treatment plan and bring comfort and stability to your furry friend.

Protect Your Dog with Pet Insurance

When medical issues like seizures arise, vet bills can add up quickly, especially with the diagnostic tests and medications often required. That’s why pet insurance is one of the best gifts you can give your dog – and your wallet. It helps cover the cost of treatments, so you can focus on care, not cost. If your senior dog hasn’t been enrolled yet, now is the perfect time to explore your options and find a plan that gives you peace of mind.

Because every dog deserves to feel safe, supported, and loved, no matter their age.

References:

https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/riney-canine-health-center/canine-health-information/managing-seizures

https://www.metlifepetinsurance.com/blog/pet-health/old-dog-seizures/

https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/seizures-general-for-dogs

The information contained on this blog is intended for informational and educational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional veterinary care. Always consult with your veterinarian before making any changes to your pet's health care or treatment plan.

The authors of this blog are not veterinarians and do not claim to be experts in pet health. The information provided here is based on our own experiences and research, as well as information from reputable sources. However, we cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information.

We encourage you to do your own research and consult with your veterinarian before making any decisions about your pet's health.