Common Spinal Issues in Dogs

If your dog suddenly starts walking funny, hesitates to jump on the couch, or yelps when touched, it’s not just a quirky moment—it might be something deeper. Specifically, something spine-deep. Just like humans, dogs can suffer from a variety of spinal issues that affect their mobility, comfort, and overall quality of life. And while it can be scary to think about your furry friend in pain, knowing the most common spinal issues in dogs (and how to help) makes a huge difference.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD): The Big One

This is probably the most well-known spinal issue in dogs, especially in breeds like Dachshunds, Corgis, Basset Hounds, and French Bulldogs. IVDD happens when the cushioning discs between the vertebrae begin to degenerate or herniate, putting pressure on the spinal cord. It’s kind of like a slipped disc in humans—but for dogs, it can be far more serious.

Symptoms to watch for:

• Sudden pain or sensitivity to touch
• Reluctance to jump or move
• Wobbly walking or weakness in the limbs
• Loss of bladder or bowel control in severe cases

Treatment options:

Mild cases may respond well to rest, anti-inflammatories, and physical therapy. Severe cases, however, may require surgery to relieve the pressure on the spinal cord and prevent permanent damage.

Degenerative Myelopathy (DM): A Silent Progression

Degenerative myelopathy is a heartbreaking condition, primarily seen in older dogs—especially German Shepherds, Boxers, and Pembroke Welsh Corgis. It’s a progressive disease that slowly eats away at the spinal cord, leading to weakness and paralysis.

Early signs include:

• Dragging or knuckling of the hind paws
• Uncoordinated movements in the back legs

• Difficulty standing up or climbing stairs

There’s no cure for DM, but supportive care, mobility aids like wheelchairs, and physical therapy can help maintain quality of life for as long as possible.

Lumbosacral Stenosis (Cauda Equina Syndrome)

This mouthful of a diagnosis refers to the narrowing of the spinal canal in the lower back, which compresses the nerves at the base of the spine. It’s commonly seen in large-breed dogs like German Shepherds and Labradors.

Key symptoms:

• Weakness or pain in the hind limbs
• Difficulty rising or jumping
• Tail sensitivity or changes in tail movement
• Urinary or fecal incontinence

Stenosis can be managed with medications and physical therapy, but in some cases, surgery is needed to decompress the affected area.

Wobbler Syndrome (Cervical Spondylomyelopathy)

Wobbler Syndrome tends to affect large and giant breeds like Dobermans and Great Danes. It involves compression in the cervical spine (the neck), which can lead to that classic “wobbly” walk.

How it shows up:

• Unsteady gait in the hind limbs (and sometimes front limbs)
• Neck pain or stiffness
• Muscle wasting in the shoulders

This condition can be treated conservatively with anti-inflammatory medications and rest, or more aggressively with surgical correction, depending on the severity.

Spinal Trauma and Injuries

Dogs can hurt their backs just like we do—whether it’s from a fall, getting hit by a car, or playing too rough. Trauma to the spine can lead to anything from temporary pain to serious, life-changing injury.

Signs of spinal trauma may include:

• Sudden paralysis

• Extreme pain
• Loss of coordination
• Unresponsiveness in limbs

This is always an emergency. Immediate veterinary care is critical, and treatment might include surgery, strict cage rest, and long-term rehab.

Spinal Tumors

While not as common, tumors can form in or near the spinal cord and compress surrounding nerves. These may be benign or malignant, but either way, they can seriously affect a dog’s mobility and comfort.

Symptoms often mirror other spinal issues:

• Gradual weakness
• Pain
• Behavioral changes

• Weight loss

Diagnosis typically involves advanced imaging like MRI or CT scans. Treatment depends on the tumor’s type and location but may include surgery, chemotherapy, or palliative care.

When to See the Vet 

If your dog shows any of these signs, don’t wait. Spinal issues aren’t something to “wait and see” about. Catching problems early can be the difference between conservative care and invasive surgery—or between recovery and long-term disability.

Red flag symptoms:

• Sudden loss of mobility
• Unexplained pain
• Incontinence
• Loss of coordination
• Crying out when moving

A good vet will perform a neurological exam and might recommend imaging like X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to get a clearer picture.

Supporting Your Dog’s Spine at Home

While you can’t always prevent spinal problems, you can help support spinal health day-to-day:

• Use ramps or stairs to help your dog avoid jumping on beds or couches
• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the spine and joints
• Keep your pup active, but avoid overly intense or jarring exercise
• Use harnesses instead of collars for walking—especially for dogs prone to neck issues
• Provide non-slip flooring to help with stability and prevent slips

For dogs already diagnosed with spinal issues, investing in orthopedic bedding, mobility aids, or even canine physical therapy can drastically improve their comfort and quality of life.

One More Thing: Consider Pet Insurance

Here’s the truth: spinal issues in dogs can get very expensive. Surgery alone can cost thousands, and even non-surgical care (like imaging, medication, and rehab) adds up quickly. But your dog’s health shouldn’t have to be a financial gamble.

That’s where pet insurance comes in.

Having a plan in place before something goes wrong means you can focus on getting the best care—not just the most affordable care. Whether it’s diagnostic testing, surgery, physical therapy, or medication, pet insurance can help cover the costs and give you peace of mind when your dog needs you most.

Final Thoughts

Your dog’s spine plays a major role in their ability to run, jump, play—and just enjoy being a dog. Spinal issues in dogs might seem overwhelming, but they’re manageable with awareness, early action, and a plan in place. Be proactive, stay observant, and don’t hesitate to ask your vet questions. Your pup is counting on you.

And before the unexpected happens, explore pet insurance options. It might just be the smartest investment you make for your best friend.

References:

1. https://www.merckvetmanual.com/dog-owners/brain-spinal-cord-and-nerve-disorders-of-dogs/disorders-of-the-spinal-column-and-cord-in-dogs
2. https://hospital.vetmed.wsu.edu/2021/11/17/common-spinal-injuries-in-dogs/
3. https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/riney-canine-health-center/canine-health-information/intervertebral-disc-disease
4. https://www.dvm360.com/view/common-canine-spinal-disease-simplified

 

Disclaimer

The information contained on this blog is intended for informational and educational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional veterinary care. Always consult with your veterinarian before making any changes to your pet's health care or treatment plan.

The authors of this blog are not veterinarians and do not claim to be experts in pet health. The information provided here is based on our own experiences and research, as well as information from reputable sources. However, we cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information.

We encourage you to do your own research and consult with your veterinarian before making any decisions about your pet's health.